Fresh screening: For quick results, determining whether there is a fungus or not, but only filamentous fungi are difficult to detect. Direct examination: The commonly used techniques for fungal diagnosis are: Gram staining, methylene blue single staining, Giemsa staining, P.A.S staining. Cultivation to identify fungal species: Most of the fungi that cause corneal ulcers have grown within 2-3 days, but there are also cases where it takes 5-7 days for the fungus to grow. Sabouraud agar with antibiotic gentamycin or chloramphenicol at temperature < 30 degrees Celsius is a suitable environment to grow mushrooms. To identify pathogenic fungi must be based on macroscopic, microscopic observations and physiological properties of the fungus after being cultured on the medium.

Chẩn đoán viêm giác mạc do nấm bằng soi tươi

3. Treatment of fungal keratitis

Antifungal antibiotic treatment: topical and systemic (eye and oral) Specific antifungal drugs 2 commonly used groups are: Polyenes: natamycin, ketoconazole, Fluconazole... when the disease is advanced, it can be used. 6-8 weeks Systemic antibiotics used in severe cases: need to use itraconazole, ketoconazole for at least 3 weeks (pay attention to monitor liver function) Adjunctive therapy: Antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the eye of the superinfection room. Pupil dilation with Atropin 0.5-1% for the purpose of anti-adhesion, pain relief due to spasm of the ciliary body. Corneal nutrition: When the corneal ulcer begins to subside, and the corneal epithelium begins to heal.

Khi bị viêm giác mạc do nấm, người bệnh nên khám chuyên khoa mắt

The treatment of fungal keratitis needs to be strictly prescribed by an ophthalmologist. If drug treatment is not effective in clearing the infection, the patient may need surgical intervention such as: Corneal epithelium Dredging the base of the ulcer or the surface of the cornea Removing the cornea or even corneal transplantation depending on the condition and severity of the disease. In general, the treatment of fungal keratitis often requires the patient to be very active and persistent. The goal of treatment is to resolve the causative agent, and the eyeball is preserved after treatment.

Complications of fungal keratitis are severe, such as corneal necrosis or perforation. Therefore, prevention is very important. Need to be careful in living and working to avoid eye injuries. When traveling or working, you should wear safety glasses. Absolutely do not rub your eyes, when there is dust or grit flying into your eyes because doing so will cause scratches and tears on the cornea. In particular, some people who use contact lenses need to be careful in wearing and removing, storing and cleaning glasses regularly to reduce the risk of fungal growth. In a nutshell, fungal keratitis is an infection of the cornea. Early diagnosis is essential and important. If the condition is mild, the person may only have to use medication. If drug treatment is not effective, surgery may be required. In some cases, corneal surgery will not restore vision and cause permanent vision impairment, even blindness. Therefore, when you see any first signs of infection, you should immediately go to a medical facility with an eye specialist for an examination. If you need detailed advice about the disease, please go directly to Vinmec health system to be examined or book online HERE.

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