Which of the following statements is true about cultures with high communitarianism?
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Fons Trompenaars worked with Charles Hampden-Turner to build upon Hofstede’s work and devised a different set of seven dimensions that can be used to compare and contrast cultures. Hofstede publicly criticized their work, but Riding the Waves of Culture, written by Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner in the late 1990s, is considered by many to be the apex of cultural studies in this area. Click on the link below to watch Fons Trompenaars explaining his theory on culture in his own words: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=veA0bLa8xAg “Trans-cultural competence can be achieved by being aware of cultural differences, respecting them, and ultimately reconciling them.” . Melissa Ashman[2] has summarized Trompenaar’s seven dimensions of culture: 1. Universalism vs. particularismThis dimension examines the extent that a culture is more prone to apply rules and laws as a way of ensuring fairness, in contrast to a culture that looks at the specifics of context and looks at who is involved, to ensure fairness. The former puts the task first; the latter puts the relationship first.
2. Individualism vs. communitarianismThis dimension examines the extent that people prioritize individual interests versus the community’s interest. Similar to Hofstede’s dimension of “individualist vs. collectivist”.
3. Specific vs. diffuseThis dimension examines the extent that a culture prioritizes a head-down, task-focused approach to doing work, versus an inclusive, overlapping relationship between life and work.
4. Neutral vs. emotionalThis dimension examines the extent that a culture works to avoid showing emotion versus a culture that values a display or expression of emotions.
5. Achievement vs. ascriptionThis dimension examines the degree to which a culture values earned achievement in what you do versus ascribed qualities related to who you are based on elements like title, lineage, or position.
6. Sequential time vs. synchronous timeThis dimension examines the degree to which a culture prefers doing things one at time in an orderly fashion versus preferring a more flexible approach to time with the ability to do many things at once.
In this TEDTalk[3], Guillame Gervey talks about his experiences working in India and shows how time is valued differently by different cultures. 7. Internal direction vs. outer directionThis dimension examines the degree to which members of a culture believe they have control over themselves and their environment versus being more conscious of how they need to conform to the external environment.
Which of the following is true about a country with high level of masculinity according to Hofstede's scale?In the context of Hofstede's original four dimensions, cultures with a high masculinity index tend to favor earnings, advancement, and challenge.
Which of the following statements best describes culture?2. Which of the following statements best defines culture? Culture is a particular way of life of a group of people.
What are the features of countries with a high masculinity index?For example, Germany has a masculine culture with a 66 on the scale of Hofstede (Netherlands 14). Masculine traits include assertiveness, materialism/material success, self-centeredness, power, strength, and individual achievements. The United States scored a 62 on Hofstede's scale.
Which of the following countries are with high uncertainty avoidance index?Examples of countries with low uncertainty avoidance scores include the United States, England, India, China, and Singapore. Examples of countries with high uncertainty avoidance scores include Italy, Korea, Mexico, Belgium, and Russia.
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