What are the four components of a database system?
Hardware, Software, Data, Database Access Language, Procedures and Users all together form the components of a DBMS. Show
Let us discuss the components one by one clearly. Hardware The hardware is the actual computer system used for keeping and accessing the database. The conventional DBMS hardware consists of secondary storage devices such as hard disks. Databases run on the range of machines from micro computers to mainframes. Software Software is the actual DBMS between the physical database and the users of the system. All the requests from the user for accessing the database are handled by DBMS. Data It is an important component of the database management system. The main task of DBMS is to process the data. Databases are used to store the data, retrieved, and updated to and from the databases. Users There are a number of users who can access or retrieve the data on demand using the application and the interfaces provided by the DBMS. Components of DBMS describe what are the different parts that work together for creating, managing the database that forms a complete system named DBMS(database management system). Data refers to all the single items that are stored in the database. It needs to be secure and managed in this way so that only authenticated person can use it and can make changes or store it in a very easy way. Before learning the components of DBMS first we should know about what DBMS is. Data: The raw facts are called data. The word “raw” indicates that they have not been processed, meaning having no particular meaning. Example – 1, ABC, 19 etc. Confused about your next job?In 3 simple steps you can find your personalised career roadmap in Software development for FREE
Database: Database is a collection of interrelated data. To find out what a database is, we have to start from data, which is the basic building block of any DBMS. DBMS – DBMS stands for Database Management System. We can break it like this DBMS = Database + Management System. The data is stored in the form of tables so lets understand how data can be managed in the database. Record: Collection of related data items, Example– In the above example the three data items had no meaning. But if we organize them in the following way, then they collectively represent meaningful information. RollNameAge1xyz20Table or Relation: Collection of related records. Example- RollNameAge1lilly202jenny223lucie28The columns of this relation are called Fields, Attributes or Domains. The rows are called Tuples or Records. Database: Collection of related relations. Consider the following collection of tables: T1 – RollNameAge1lilly202jenny223lucie28T2- RollAddress1KOL2DEL3MUMT3- RollYear1I2II3IT4- YearHostelIH1IIH2We now have a collection of 4 tables named t1,t2,t2,t4. They can be called a “related collection” because we can clearly find out that there are some common attributes existing in a selected pair of tables. Because of these common attributes we may combine the data of two or more tables together to find out the complete details of a student. Questions like “Which hostel does the youngest student live in?” can be answered now, although Age and Hostel attributes are in different tables. A database in a DBMS could be viewed by lots of different people with different responsibilities. Management System is a set of programs to store and retrieve those data. It is a software tool which helps in efficient retrieval, insertion and deletion of data from databases and organizes the data in the form of tables, views, schemas, reports etc. For Example- In a hospital a database management system is developed to minimize the work of pen paper at the hospitals. It is the system that is used in the hospitals to maintain the records of the patients, doctors, nurses, and other hospital staff by using this the user will be able to get information about the patients, doctors, nurses and other hospital staffs just in one click but only the authorized user will be allowed to login with the unique username and password. Database systems are basically developed for large amounts of data. When dealing with huge amounts of data, there are two things that require optimization: Storage of data and retrieval of data. Before using the DBMS system we used A file processing system. Advantages of DBMS over File system1. Data redundancy and inconsistency – Since the file and application program are related by different programmers. Overall long period of time. The files have different formats and the program may be written in different programming languages. The same piece of information may be duplicated in many files. Example – the address and phone number of a particular customer may appear in a file that consists of personnel information and in saving account records. 2. Data sharing – File system does not allow sharing of data or we can say sharing is too complex in file system. Whereas in DBMS, data can be shared easily due to a centralized system. 3. Data searching – For every search operation performed on a file system, a different application program has to be written. So searching of the data is quite different in the file system While DBMS provides inbuilt searching operations and various data structures like array linked list. Users only have to write a query to retrieve data from the database. 4. Data integrity – There may be cases when some constraints need to be applied on the data before inserting it in the database. Integrity constraints are a set of rules. The file system does not provide any procedure to check these constraints on data automatically. Whereas DBMS maintains data integrity by enforcing user defined constraints on data by itself. 5. Data security – A file system provides a password mechanism to protect the database but how longer can the password be protected? No one can guarantee that. This doesn’t happen in the case of DBMS. DBMS has specialized features that not every user of the database system should be able to access all the data. Uses of DBMSUses for database systems include:
Components of DBMSThe database system consists of many components. Each component performs very significant tasks in the database management system environment. A database environment is a collective system of components that comprise and regulates the group of data, management, and use of data, which consist of software, hardware, people, techniques of handling database, and the data also. DBMS have several components. Below is a list of components within the database and its environment. The DBMS can be classified into five main components which are explained as follows:
Component of database management system environment- Now, let us discuss in brief some points regarding all these components of DBMS as follows: Hardware
Software
Data
Procedures
CREATE [OR REPLACE] PROCEDURE procedure_name ( Database Access Language
The following commands serve as the base for all DDL commands:
The following commands serve as the base for all DML commands:
People
What is the difference between the component and the module of the database? ModulesComponentsA module is a collection of declarations, statements and procedures that are stored together as a unit.A component is a single part, usually relatively small in scope, possibly general purpose.Modules as being more interchangeable.Components can be replicated.modules are bundled classes, which are only accessible via a well defined interface.The design of the system is strictly dependent upon a componentModules can be connected with other modules and with the outside world this is known as module coupling.so coupling is the measure of the degree of interdependence between the modules.The components work harmoniously and contribute to the overall effective function of the DBMS.ConclusionA DBMS makes it possible for end users to create, read, update and delete data in a database. The DBMS essentially serves as an interface between the database and end users or application programs ensuring that data is consistently organized and remains easily accessible. Maybe you don’t realize it but you probably use a database almost every day of your life. You will no doubt be familiar with using a search engine like google. Library database:- A library stores details of all their books in a database. When you want to know if a book is in stock in OPAC you can enter either title, author, or ISBN number and search information about the book. You can find out how many copies are stored not only by your SDTML Library but also other toss branch libraries. The database also records details of all the borrowers. When they return their books the librarian will be informed if they are overdue and whether there are any fines outstanding. So this is the simple example that we can think of the component of the DBMS. What are the 4 types of database?A relational database management system is one of four common types of systems you can use to manage your business data.. hierarchical database systems.. network database systems.. object-oriented database systems.. What are the 4 main objectives of a database?Based on the Information Architecture Principle, every database can be architected or evaluated by six interdependent database objectives. Four of these objectives are primarily a function of design, development, and implementation: usability, extensibility, data integrity, and performance.
What are the main components of a database management system?Components of a database management system. Storage engine.. Query language.. Query processor.. Optimization engine.. Metadata catalog.. Log manager.. Reporting and monitoring tools.. Data utilities.. What are the three major components of a database system?The database system is divided into three components: Query Processor, Storage Manager, and Disk Storage. These are explained as following below.
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