Cách viết Cause and Solution essay

Cách viết dạng bài Causes/Problems Solution Essay hay nhất năm 2021

Solution Essay là gì?

Gọi ngắn là Solution essay thực chất là 1 dạng khá đặc biệt của Two-part questions essay. Nghĩa là, trong đề bài sẽ có 2 câu hỏi. Điều đặc biệt là, thay vì 2 câu hỏi tách biệt, 2 câu hỏi trong dạng Solution essay sẽ có mối quan hệ chặt chẽ với nhau.

Thông thường sẽ có nhiều kiểu đề khác nhau:

Dạng Cause/Problem Solution essay, khi làm các bạn cần đọc kỹ đề. Có đề sẽ hỏi về nguyên nhân, yếu tố gây ra vấn đề gì đó, nó có trước vấn đề. Trong khi đó, có đề sẽ hỏi về problem/vấn đề hay hệ quả của vấn đề, cái này có sau khi vấn đề đã xuất hiện.

Ví dụ: Reasons của kẹt xe là do hạ tầng, nhưng problems của kẹt xe là ô nhiễm không khí.

Để có ideas chúng ta dựa vào phương pháp key stakeholders, đa số vấn đề xã hội xuất hiện trong đề thi IELTS sẽ liên quan đến 5 nhóm đối tượng sau:

• GOV/ Authority
• ORG/ Firm
• School/ teachers
• Family/ parents
• Individuals

Nguyên nhân giải pháp xoay quanh các đối tượng này. Nên nghĩ giải pháp trước khi viết. Ví dụ nếu chúng ta muốn giải pháp liên quan đến GOV, chúng ta chỉ việc đổ lỗi cho GOV ở phần nguyên nhân. Tương tự cho các nhóm đối tượng khác.

Phương pháp viết dạng cause solution và problem solution như sau

1. Dạng bài Causes & Solutions

a. Introduction

It is generally the case that global warming is a serious problem that we are facing to date. There are some reasons related to this issue, but many possible measures can be used to prevent it.

b. Body

On the one hand, there are some reasons in relation to in the warming of the earth. The first obvious reason [problem] is the emissions of CO2. CO2, which damages the ozone layer, comes from several sources, but the most problematic are those coming from the burning of fossil fuels from power plants. This releases thousands of tons of CO2 into the atmosphere every year. Another clear reason is related to deforestation. As a matter of fact, forests store large amounts of carbon, so deforestation is causing larger amounts of CO2 to remain in the atmosphere, which partly causes climate change.

However, some possible solutions are available to deal with this problem, or at least reduce the effects. The first obvious way is that governments need to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels and promote alternatives. To be specific, plant-derived plastics, biodiesel, wind power and solar power are all things that are a step in the right direction, but governments need to enforce the limits on CO2 emissions for the polluting industries in their countries for these to be effective. Another practical solution could be that the government should impose stricter punishments on those who deforested and alternate them with other means of survival. Individuals can also play a part by making lifestyle changes. People should try to buy cars with the best fuel economy, and only use their car when really necessary. They also can plant trees in the garden.

c. Conclusion

Simple:

In conclusion, there are some reasons that contribute to global warming. However, the problem can be solved if we use above methods.

Advanced:

In conclusion, deforestation and excessive carbon emissions are the main causes for climate change, and taking advantage of renewable energies and issuing laws to protect forests are the two possible solutions.

2. Dạng bài Problems & Solutions

Bài này được sử dụng lại từ Homework 2 của Unit 4 Constructing a Paragraph.

a. Introduction

Many young children nowadays are using social networking sites to communicate with other people without parental censorship. This can impose some serious risks on them, and thus parents should take actions to keep their children safe.

Người viết đã trả lời 2 câu hỏi đề bài:

• Problems: some serious risks
• Solutions: parents should take actions [cả 2 ý được viết chung chung, không cụ thể]

b. Body

Children are generally vulnerable and therefore they can face some serious dangers when socializing online. One of the most severe issues facing young teenagers is that they may become the target of online predators who are hiding behind their computer screen and trying to persuade them to meet up. Once children fall into their trap, they can be kidnapped or even human trafficked illegally to other countries for their personal financial purposes. Another possible risk is that children can be harassed by criticism of people whom they do not know, which can lead to some unexpected tragedies. For instance, last year, a teenage girl in Malaysia committed suicide after carrying out an Instagram poll with 69% of her followers voting for her death and only 31% for life.

In order to ensure their childrens safety, there are some measures which should be implemented by parents. On the one hand, parents should spend time talking with their young children about many aspects of life, including whom they often chat with on social networks. By doing this, they can realize whether there is any harm coming to their children and take actions to protect them timely. Another feasible solution is that parents should gain access to their childrens accounts. If they know exactly how their children feel when gossiping with others, they can help them eliminate negative feelings when they arise.

Người viết nêu problems và solutions liên hệ mật thiết với nhau

c. Conclusion

In conclusion, it is true that children can be harmed when using the Internet to socialize, and therefore parents should learn to protect them by adopting some solutions discussed above.

Như vậy, dàn bài cơ bản cho một bài Solution essay có thể gồm các phần sau:

PRACTICE

Exercise Construct a complete Solution essay based on the hints provided below.

Body 1

Problems

• Hint 1 global warming: more flights ® more CO2 emissions.
• Hint 2 noise pollution: especially people living near airports.

Body 2

Solutions

Hint 1 plant more trees.

Hint 2 move airports to the countryside.

The explosion of tourism in recent years has led to a dramatic increase in the number of flights. This has contributed to compounding global warming as well as noise pollution, and thus some solutions should be adopted to solve these problems.

The rising number of flights is worsening global heating which is already a serious problem these days. It is estimated that on average, when an airplane flies 5000 miles, the amount of carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere is around 120 tons. This huge amount of CO2 combining with other greenhouse gases causes our planet to warm at an unprecedented speed. Another issue arising when there are more planes in the sky is related to noise pollution. The big sound produced by aircraft engines is a great nuisance to people living in the vicinity of airport, resulting in a lot of health problems like insomnia or hearing loss.

In order to counter the effect of CO2 emissions from flights, more trees should be planted on a large scale. Because trees take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen, they can help cooling our planet. To achieve this goal, it is necessary that governments around the world collaborate with each other in the same action plan. In terms of noise pollution, airports should be relocated to the outskirts or suburban area of a city where there are few people living. By doing this, the noise of airplane engines does not disturb the people living around the airport or adversely impact their health.

In conclusion, the increasing need for more flights resulting from tourism has caused some problems related to global warming and noise pollution, which could be tackled successfully by some measures discussed above.

Homework

1. In some developing countries, it is difficult to get good teachers to work in rural areas which can have a negative impact on the education of children in those rural communities.

Why do you think good teachers do not want to work in rural areas in developing countries?

What could be done to solve this problem?

Some developing nations are having problems with attracting competent teachers to teaching in rural schools. This can be attributed to low income and poor working conditions, which should be resolved to improve the quality of education in those areas.

One reason that good teachers do not usually want to work in rural places is that they would normally earn less than in big cities. This can be exemplified by the case of English teachers in the capital of Vietnam who can earn between 700 and 1000 dollars a month by teaching for both state schools and private English center while in remote areas, they have to rely heavily on school salary ranging from 200 to 300 dollars. In order to solve this problem, governments can create more opportunities for those teachers to increase their earnings. For instance, online learning portals can be established to connect these teachers and students in other regions who want extra tutoring classes.

Another reason that qualified teachers are not attracted by the idea of teaching in rural communities is related to poor working condition. Schools in remote areas are often older with downgraded facilities compared with those in city centers which are usually well-equipped with state-of-the-art teaching devices. Therefore, so as to make that low-quality workplace more appealing to good teachers, school facilities really need to be standardized. This can be done by buying new equipment and devices partly by government investment and by schools seeking funding from philanthropic trusts and foundations.

In conclusion, good teachers are not tempted to work in rural regions because of low salary and bad working condition, which can be addressed by some solutions discussed above.

Xem thêm các dạng bài IELTS:

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