What is the method a device can use to generate its own IPv6 interface ID?

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for identifying the interface ID of an IPv6 address. The interface ID is identified through a 16-bit field in rear 64 bits of the IPv6 address and is inquired through a DNS, so that identification of the interface ID of the IPv6 address is achieved. The interface ID, which is identifiable and compatible with multiple identifiers, of the IPv6 address is newly generated, can support 216 (65536) kinds of IPv6 address configuration modes and provides an ordered support for diversification of follow-up IPv6 interface identifier generation rules; meanwhile, the method is based on DNS management identifier rules and inquiring, is very simple and efficient and is convenient to apply and popularize because mature technologies and systems are effectively utilized; besides, the interface identifiers can be easily identified, and network control, traffic monitoring and other operations can be conveniently carried out on identities based on communication equipment.

Description

Identify the method for IPv6 address interface ID

Technical field

The invention belongs to Internet technical field, relate to a kind of method identifying IPv6 address interface ID.

Background technology

IPv6 address is used for identifying each network interface in IPv6 network, and length is 128 bits, classification can be divided into unicast address, appoint and broadcast address, multicast address etc.Wherein most importantly IPv6 unicast address, any IPv6 unicast address (special address, reserved address and be embedded with IPv4 address IPv6 address except) by address prefix and interface identifier composition.

Global unicast address is equivalent to public IP v4 address, can carry out overall route and access in IPv6 network.The action scope (i.e. an IPv6 network area, this address is unique, addressable wherein) of global unicast address is whole IPv6 the Internet, and its form as shown in Figure 1.

Global unicast address comprises four fields:

1) three high-order positions are set to 001.The prefix of the global address of current distribution is 2000: :/3;

2) the overall route prefix of the website of overall route prefix instruction particular organization.Three fixed bits and 45 overall route prefix are combined into the website prefix of 48, are distributed to the single website of tissue.After being assigned with this prefix, the router on IPv6 the Internet by the IPv6 communication forwarding with these 48 prefix matching to the router organizing website;

3) " subnet ID " is for identifying subnet organizing in website.The length of this field is 16.Organize website that these 16 can be used in website to create the addressing layer aggregated(particle) structure of 65536 subnets or multiple rank and effective route foundation structure;

4) " interface ID " indicates the interface in website on particular subnet.The length of this field is 64.

In stateless address configuration, the interface identifier that last 64 (interface identifier) of IPv6 address are unique for 64 prefixes of IPv6 address.Determine two kinds of conventional methods of interface identifier as:

1) based on RFC2373 specification, the unicast address of all use prefixes 001 to 111, must use 64 interface identifier derived from by " expansion unique identification (EUI)-64 " address.

2) RFC3041 describes and changes and the interface identifier of stochastic generation in time, and to provide anonymity to a certain degree, this class interface generting machanism is applicable to some special application scenarios.

In addition, due to the expansion of IPv6 address space, ensure that networking equipment can have globally unique unicast address, but trace to the source to carry out tracking to communication entity in IPv6 network also have some motions to embed subscriber identity information in rear 64 bits of IPv6.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of method identifying IPv6 address interface ID, identify interface ID by 16 bit fields (i.e. 25-40 position) in 64 bits behind IPv6 address, and by DNS system query interface ID, realize the identification of IPv6 address interface ID.

To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:

Identify a method of IPv6 address interface ID, comprise the following steps:

1) by 16 bit identification interface ID in the middle of 64 bits behind IPv6 address, this 16 bit field is the ident value of the address create-rule of this IPv6 address of instruction;

2) inquiry IPv6 address DNS system territory in increase a subdomain, with storing step 1) through mark IPv6 address interface ID;

3), when identifying, extract the ident value in 64 bits behind the IPv6 address of mark, then initiate DNS request based on this ident value, inquire about the resource record in corresponding subdomain;

4) dns server returns above-mentioned resource record, and this resource record describes the address create-rule of this IPv6 address, thus realizes the identification of IPv6 address interface ID.

Further, step 1) in, by inserting the ident value of 16 bits in the middle of the MAC Address of IPv6 address 48 bit, and by the first byte the 7th bit reversal, form the IPv6 address interface ID through mark.

Further, the ident value of above-mentioned 16 bits is 0xFFFE, indicates the generation of this address based on EUI-64.

Further, step 2) in, described subdomain comprises:

Zone name: ip6id.arpa.;

Resource record types: TXT;

TTL (Time To Live, life span): MAX.

That is, in the territory of inquiry IPv6, increase the subdomain of an ip6id by name, wherein store the IPv6 address interface ID of TXT type, because this information is comparatively stable, its life cycle is set to the maximum that DNS system allows.

Further, in ip6id.arpa., following resource record is safeguarded:

Ident value: 0xFFFE;

Resource record generic: IN (identifying this resource record for INTERNET);

Resource record types: TXT;

Address create-rule: EUI-64.

Further, step 3) in, extract FFFE, then initiate DNS request, nslookup is the TXT resource record of FFFE.ip6id.arpa.

Further, step 4) in, in DNS response, comprise the data bit EUI-64 of above-mentioned TXT resource record.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

1) the present invention is newly-generated a kind of identifiable design, can the IPv6 address interface ID of compatible multiple mark, can 2 be supported 16=65536 kinds of IPv6 address configuration modes, for the variation of follow-up IPv6 interface identifier create-rule provides a kind of support in order;

2) mark rule and inquiry is managed based on DNS, very simple efficient, and effectively utilize mature technology and system, easy to utilize;

3) interface identifier can be identified easily, conveniently carries out the operations such as network management and control, flow monitoring based on the identity (interface identifier reflects the identity information of this communication equipment to a certain extent) based on communication equipment.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 shows IPv6 global unicast address format of the prior art.

Fig. 2 is the flow chart of identification IPv6 address interface ID of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the flow chart that the embodiment of the present invention 1 identifies IPv6 address interface ID.

Embodiment

The method that identification IPv6 address interface ID of the present invention identifies, comprises following two parts:

1) address configuration rule indication field

Because EUI-64 is current the most widely used IPv6 address interface ID create-rule, its basic ideas are that (between company ID and company's Extended ID) inserts specific 16 place values (0xFFFE) in the middle of the MAC Address of 48 bits, form the EUI-64 address (again by the first byte the 7th bit reversal of EUI-64 address, forming final IPv6 address interface ID) of 64.

Such as: the MAC Address of a computer is 00:0C:85:AB:50:01.

So, insert FFFE:00:0C:85:FF:FE:AB:50:01 first in a mac address, then by left-to-right 7th position, position, the EUI-64 of this computer is exactly 020C:85FF:FEAB:5001.

Therefore, address configuration rule indicating area is set as 16 bits in the middle of interface ID, and 0xFFFE indicates the generation of this address based on EUI-64.Other address configuration rules can give corresponding ident value.

As can be seen here, this programme can support 2 16=65536 kinds of IPv6 address configuration rules, completely enough in foreseeable future.Because this field is in the interface ID stage casing of 64 bits, so complete terminal iidentification needs to generate in conjunction with front and back 24 bit of this identification field.

2) address configuration rule query mechanism

To deposit and after being indicated by relevant field, must need a kind of querying method can inquire about by docking port ID create-rule when multiple interfaces ID create-rule.The present invention supports the inquiry of address configuration rule by increasing a district being similar to (Query) of IPv6 address lookup in DNS system, relevant configuration is as follows:

● zone name: ip6id.arpa.

● resource record types: TXT

●TTL：MAX

As can be seen here, increase the subdomain of an ip6id by name, wherein store the interface ID create-rule of TXT type in the territory of inquiry IPv6, because this information is comparatively stable, its life cycle is set to the maximum that system allows.

Embodiment 1

Generate the scene citing of IPv6 rule with EUI-64 method, in ip6id.arpa., safeguard following resource record:

0xFFFE IN TXT EUI-64。

If certain server or other network equipments (suppose that address is: 2001:da8:3000:12ef:020C:85FF:FEAB:5001) communicate with an IPv6 node, need what generate rule interface identifier in the IPv6 address knowing that this node uses is according to, then extract 64 bit-identifies (020C:85FF:FEAB:5001) behind this address, and therefrom take out middle 16 (FFFE), then initiate DNS request, nslookup is the TXT resource record of FFFE.ip6id.arpa.Dns server and then the resource record returned above, the data bit EUI-64 of this TXT resource record is comprised in DNS response, this network equipment just knows that rear 64 interface identifier of this IPv6 node communicated with generate based on its MAC Address like this, thus facilitates the follow-up operation such as network management and control, flow monitoring.

Claims (9)

1. identify a method of IPv6 address interface ID, comprise the following steps:

1) by 16 bit identification interface ID in the middle of 64 bits behind IPv6 address, this 16 bit field is the ident value of the address create-rule of this IPv6 address of instruction;

2) inquiry IPv6 address DNS system territory in increase a subdomain, with storing step 1) through mark IPv6 address interface ID;

3), when identifying, extract the ident value in 64 bits behind the IPv6 address of mark, then initiate DNS request based on this ident value, inquire about the resource record in corresponding subdomain;

4) dns server returns above-mentioned resource record, and this resource record describes the address create-rule of this IPv6 address, thus realizes the identification of IPv6 address interface ID.

2. the method identifying IPv6 address interface ID as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 1) in, by inserting the ident value of 16 bits in the middle of the MAC Address of IPv6 address 48 bit, and by the first byte the 7th bit reversal, form the IPv6 address interface ID through mark.

3. the method identifying IPv6 address interface ID as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the ident value of described 16 bits is 0xFFFE, indicates the generation of this address based on EUI-64.

4. the method identifying IPv6 address interface ID as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, step 2) in, described subdomain comprises zone name, resource record types and life span.

5. the method identifying IPv6 address interface ID as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described zone name is ip6id.arpa., and resource record types is TXT, and life span is the maximum that DNS system allows.

6. the method identifying IPv6 address interface ID as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, safeguard following resource record: ident value in described subdomain; Resource record generic; Resource record types; With address create-rule.

7. the method identifying IPv6 address interface ID as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, ident value is 0xFFFE; Resource record generic is IN; Resource record types is TXT; Address create-rule is EUI-64.

8. the method identifying IPv6 address interface ID as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, step 3) in, extract FFFE, then initiate DNS request, nslookup is the TXT resource record of FFFE.ip6id.arpa.

9. the method identifying IPv6 address interface ID as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, step 4) in, in DNS response, comprise the data bit EUI-64 of described TXT resource record.

How is IPv6 address generated?

Which of the following allows a networking device to assign itself a IPv6 interface ID?

What would be the interface ID of an IPv6?

When IPv6 is turned on for an interface what kind of address is automatically granted to that interface?