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Terms in this set [16]
Civil Rights
Policies designed to protect people against arbitrary or discriminatory treatment by government officials or individuals.
14th Amendment
The constitutional amendment adopted after the Civil War that states, "No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws."
The FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT is the first and only place in which the idea of equality appears in the Constitution.
Equal Protection of the Laws
Part of the 14th Amendment emphasizing that the laws must provide equivalent "protection" to all people.
The 14th Amendment forbids the denial of EQUAL PROTECTION OF THE LAWS, and was ratified in 1868.
13th Amendment
The constitutional amendment ratified after the Civil War that forbade slavery and involuntary servitude.
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The law making racial discrimination in hotels, motels, and restaurants illegal and forbidding many forms of job discrimination. Most important civil rights law in nearly a century.
Suffrage
The legal right to vote, extended to African Americans by the 15th Amendment, to women by the 19th Amendment, and to 18-20 year olds by the 26th Amendment.
15th Amendment
The constitutional amendment adopted in 1870 to extend suffrage to African Americans.
The FIFTEENTH AMENDMENT guaranteed African Americans the right to vote, at least in principle.
Poll Taxes
Small taxes levied on the right to vote. This method was used by most Southern states to exclude African Americans from voting. Poll taxes were declared void by the 24th Amendment in 1964.
Most Southern States relied on POLL TAXES.
White Primary
Primary elections from which African Americans were excluded, an exclusion that, in the heavily Democratic South, deprived African Americans of a voice in the real contests. The Supreme South declared white primaries unconstitutional in 1944.
WHITE PRIMARIES were used to render African Americans from registering to vote.
24th Amendment
The constitutional amendment passed in 1964 that declared poll taxes void in federal elections.
The TWENTY-FORTH AMENDMENT prohibited poll taxes in federal elections.
Voting Rights Act of 1965
A law designed to help end formal and informal barriers to African American suffrage. Under the law, hundreds of thousands of African Americans were registered, and the number of African American elected officials increased dramatically.
The VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965 was created to combat discriminatory voter registration tests.
19th Amendment
The Constitutional amendment adopted in 1920 that guarantees women the right to vote.
It took 72 years to ratify the NINETEENTH AMENDMENT.
Equal Rights Amendment
A constitutional amendment originally introduced in Congress in 1923 and passed by Congress in 1972, stating that "equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex." Despite public support, the amendment fell short of the three-fourths of state legislatures required for passage.
The EQUAL RIGHTS AMENDMENT was created by Alice Paul, an activist of minority groups.
Comparable Worth
Concept that jobs which require comparable abilities, knowledge, and skills, should be paid the same wage/salary rate irrespective of the age, race, sex or any other difference.
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
A law passed in 1990 that requires employers and public facilities to make "reasonable accommodations" for people with disabilities and prohibits these individuals in employment.
The AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT OF 1990 is abbreviated as the ADA.
Affirmative Action
A policy designed to give special attention to or compensatory treatment for members of some previously disadvantaged group.
AFFIRMATIVE ACTION involves efforts to bring about increased employment, promotion, or admission for members of groups who have suffered from discrimination.
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- 14th Amendment
- Suffrage
- Poll Taxes
- 24th Amendment
- Voting Rights Act of 1965
- Equal Rights Amendment
- Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990