If A&M Fashions does not compete in the global market

In this example we use two variables, a and b, which are used as part of the if statement to test whether b is greater than a. As a is 33, and b is 200, we know that 200 is greater than 33, and so we print to screen that "b is greater than a".

Indentation

Python relies on indentation (whitespace at the beginning of a line) to define scope in the code. Other programming languages often use curly-brackets for this purpose.

Example

If statement, without indentation (will raise an error):

a = 33
b = 200
if b > a:
print("b is greater than a") # you will get an error

Elif

The elif keyword is pythons way of saying "if the previous conditions were not true, then try this condition".

Example

a = 33
b = 33
if b > a:
  print("b is greater than a")
elif a == b:
  print("a and b are equal")

In this example a is equal to b, so the first condition is not true, but the elif condition is true, so we print to screen that "a and b are equal".

Else

The else keyword catches anything which isn't caught by the preceding conditions.

Example

a = 200
b = 33
if b > a:
  print("b is greater than a")
elif a == b:
  print("a and b are equal")
else:
  print("a is greater than b")

In this example a is greater than b, so the first condition is not true, also the elif condition is not true, so we go to the else condition and print to screen that "a is greater than b".

You can also have an else without the elif:

Example

a = 200
b = 33
if b > a:
  print("b is greater than a")
else:
  print("b is not greater than a")

Short Hand If

If you have only one statement to execute, you can put it on the same line as the if statement.

Short Hand If ... Else

If you have only one statement to execute, one for if, and one for else, you can put it all on the same line:

Example

One line if else statement:

a = 2
b = 330
print("A") if a > b else print("B")

This technique is known as Ternary Operators, or Conditional Expressions.

You can also have multiple else statements on the same line:

Example

One line if else statement, with 3 conditions:

a = 330
b = 330
print("A") if a > b else print("=") if a == b else print("B")

And

The and keyword is a logical operator, and is used to combine conditional statements:

Example

Test if a is greater than b, AND if c is greater than a:

a = 200
b = 33
c = 500
if a > b and c > a:
  print("Both conditions are True")

Or

The or keyword is a logical operator, and is used to combine conditional statements:

Example

Test if a is greater than b, OR if a is greater than c:

a = 200
b = 33
c = 500
if a > b or a > c:
  print("At least one of the conditions is True")

Nested If

You can have else2 statements inside else2 statements, this is called nested else2 statements.

Example

x = 41

if x > 10:
  print("Above ten,")
  if x > 20:
    print("and also above 20!")
  else:
    print("but not above 20.")

The pass Statement

else2 statements cannot be empty, but if you for some reason have an else2 statement with no content, put in the else7 statement to avoid getting an error.

Use the if statement to specify a block of Java code to be executed if a condition is

if (20 > 18) {
  System.out.println("20 is greater than 18");
}

Syntax

if (condition) {
  // block of code to be executed if the condition is true
}

Note that if is in lowercase letters. Uppercase letters (If or IF) will generate an error.

In the example below, we test two values to find out if 20 is greater than 18. If the condition is

if (20 > 18) {
  System.out.println("20 is greater than 18");
}

Example

if (20 > 18) {
  System.out.println("20 is greater than 18");
}

Try it Yourself »

We can also test variables:

Example

int x = 20;
int y = 18;
if (x > y) {
  System.out.println("x is greater than y");
}

Try it Yourself »

Example explained

In the example above we use two variables, x and y, to test whether x is greater than y (using the

if (20 > 18) {
  System.out.println("20 is greater than 18");
}

The else Statement

Use the else statement to specify a block of code to be executed if the condition is

if (20 > 18) {
  System.out.println("20 is greater than 18");
}

Syntax

if (condition) {
  // block of code to be executed if the condition is true
} else {
  // block of code to be executed if the condition is false
}

Example

int time = 20;
if (time < 18) {
  System.out.println("Good day.");
} else {
  System.out.println("Good evening.");
}
// Outputs "Good evening."

Try it Yourself »

Example explained

In the example above, time (20) is greater than 18, so the condition is

if (20 > 18) {
  System.out.println("20 is greater than 18");
}

The else if Statement

Use the

if (20 > 18) {
  System.out.println("20 is greater than 18");
}

if (20 > 18) {
  System.out.println("20 is greater than 18");
}

Syntax

if (condition1) {
  // block of code to be executed if condition1 is true
} else if (condition2) {
  // block of code to be executed if the condition1 is false and condition2 is true
} else {
  // block of code to be executed if the condition1 is false and condition2 is false
}

Example

int time = 22;
if (time < 10) {
  System.out.println("Good morning.");
} else if (time < 18) {
  System.out.println("Good day.");
} else {
  System.out.println("Good evening.");
}
// Outputs "Good evening."

Try it Yourself »

Example explained

In the example above, time (22) is greater than 10, so the first condition is

if (20 > 18) {
  System.out.println("20 is greater than 18");
}

if (20 > 18) {
  System.out.println("20 is greater than 18");
}

if (20 > 18) {
  System.out.println("20 is greater than 18");
}

if (20 > 18) {
  System.out.println("20 is greater than 18");
}

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