100 idioms [thành ngữ tiếng Anh] cần biết để đạt điểm tối đa trong kỳ thi THPT quốc gia môn tiếng Anh
Idioms là gì?
Khi học tiếng Việt, bạn đã biết là "Thành ngữ lànhững cụm từ mangngữnghĩa cố định [phần lớn không tạothànhcâu hoàn chỉnh về mặtngữpháp; không thể thay thế và sửa đổi về mặt ngôn từ] và độc lập riêng rẽ với từngữhay hình ảnh màthành ngữsử dụng,thành ngữthường được sử dụng trong việc tạothànhnhững câu nói hoàn chỉnh." [nguồn: //vi.wikiquote.org/wiki/Thành_ngữ_Việt_Nam]. Trong tiếng Anh cũng có khái niệm đó, gọi là idioms.
Khái niệm và ví dụ về idioms. Ảnh: Pinterest.
Đối với đa số học sinh, các idioms là lý do gây mất cơ hội đạt điểm tối đa trong kỳ thi THPT quốc gia môn Tiếng Anh.Các idioms không dễ nhớ vì nghĩa của mỗi idiom không phảilà sự cộng nghĩa của các từ riêng biệt, và trong quá trình học, các bạn không gặp chúng thường xuyên.
Danh sách các idioms cần biếtđể đạt điểm tối đa trong kỳ thi THPT quốc gia môn tiếng Anh
Dưới đây là các idioms thường gặp và xuất hiện nhiều trong các đề thi THPT quốc gia mà TiengAnhK12 tổng hợp lại. Với mỗi idiom, bạn hãy nhấn vào tên đểluyện tập cáccâu hỏi vận dụng [trích từ các đề thi thật, đề thi thử THPT quốc gia môn Tiếng Anh].
>> Thi tốt nghiệp THPT năm nay: đề tham khảo môn Anh có giải thích đáp án, phân tích chi tiết và bộ đề tham khảo các môn khác
>> Phân tích phạm vi kiến thức môn Tiếng Anh qua đề thi THPT chính thức các năm gần nhất
Để ghi nhớ các idioms lâu dài, bạn hãy ghi vào sổ tay những idioms chưa quen thuộc, để tiện giở ra xem lại bất kì khi nào bạn có vài phút rảnh rang. Sau đó, định kì quay lại mục Luyện kỹ năng > Từ vựng > Thành ngữ tiếng Anh để luyện tập ngân hàng câu hỏi của TiengAnhK12 và nạp lại các idioms này, đưa chúng vào trong bộ nhớ dài hạn của bạn nhé!
| 1 | RAINING CATS AND DOGS | rain heavily [Mưa nặng hạt] |
| Its raining cats and dogs | Its raining heavily | |
| 2 | CHALK AND CHEESE | very different from each other [rất khác nhau] |
| I dont have anything in common with my brother. Were like chalk and cheese. | ||
| 3 | HERE AND THERE | everywhere |
| I have been searching here and there for the gift I bought for my girlfriend. | ||
| 4 | A HOT POTATO | something that is difficult or dangerous to deal with [vấn đề nan giải] |
| The abortion issue is a hot potato in the US | ||
| 5 | AT THE DROP OF A HAT | immediately, instantly [ngay lập tức] |
| If you need me, just call me. I can come at the drop of a hat. | ||
| 6 | BACK TO THE DRAWING BOARD | time to start from the beginning; it is time to plan something over again [bắt đầu lại] |
| My plans to create a tiny car made of glasses were unsuccessful, so I guess its back to the drawing board for me. | ||
| 7 | BEAT ABOUT THE BUSH | avoiding the main topic, not speaking directly about the issue [nói vòng vo, lạc đề] |
| Stop beating about the bush and answer my question. | ||
| 8 | BEST THING SINCE SLICED BREAD | a good invention or innovation, a good idea or plan |
| Portable phones are marketed as the best thing since sliced bread; people think they are extremely good. | ||
| 9 | BURN THE MIDNIGHT OIL | to stay up working, especially studying late at night [thức khuya làm việc, học bài] |
| I will have a big exam tomorrow so Ill be burning the midnight oil tonight. | ||
| 10 | CAUGHT BETWEEN TWO STOOLS | when someone finds it difficult to choose between two alternatives [tiến thoái lưỡng nan] |
| This course is too difficult for beginners, but too simple for a knowledge student. It'scaught between two stools. | ||
| 11 | BREAK A LEG | good luck! [ thường dùng để chúc may mắn ] |
| I have heard that you're gonna take a test tomorrow, break a leg, dude!!! | ||
| 12 | HIT THE BOOKS | to study [học] |
| I cant go out tonight. Ive got to hit the books. Im having an exam tomorrow. | ||
| 13 | WHEN PIGS FLY |
something will never happen [điều vô tưởng, không thể xảy ra, nhớ là pigs đừng nhầm với con vật khác nhé] |
| Fred said he'll only see that when pigs fly! | ||
| 14 | SCRATCH SOMEONES BACK | help someone out with the assumption that they will return the favor in the future [giúp đỡ người khác với hy vọng họ sẽ giúp lại mình] |
| You scratch my back and I will scratch yours later, the customer said when we talked about the new sales contact. | ||
| 15 | HIT THE NAIL ON THE HEAD | do or say something exactly right [nói chính xác, làm chính xác] |
| Mike hit the nail on the head when he said most people can use a computer without knowing how it works. | ||
| 16 | TAKE SOMEONE/SOMETHING FOR GRANTED | coi nhẹ |
| One of the problems with relationships is that after a while you begin to take each other for granted!! | ||
| 17 | TAKE SOMETHING INTO ACCOUNT/CONSIDERATION | to remember to consider something [tính đến cái gì, xem xét việc gì] |
| We will take your long year of service into account when we make our final decision. | ||
| 18 | PUT SOMEONE/SOMETHING AT SOMEONES DISPOSAL | to make someone or something available to someone [có sẵn theo ý muốn của ai] |
| Id be glad to help you if you need me. I put myself at your disposal. | ||
| 19 | SPLITTING HEADACHE | a severe headache [đau đầu như búa bổ] [khi ra thi sẽ hỏi từ Splitting] |
| Ive got a splitting headache. Im going upstairs for a nap. | ||
| 20 | ON THE HOUSE | không phải trả tiền |
| I went to a restaurant last night. I was the ten thousandth customer, so my dinner was on the house. | ||
| 21 | HIT THE ROOF = GO THROUGH THE ROOF = HIT THE CEILING | to suddenly become angry [giận dữ] |
| Im afraid he will hit the roof when he finds out our vacation is canceled. | ||
| 22 | MAKE SOMEONES BLOOD BOIL | làm ai sôi máu, giận dữ |
| When I hear stories of cruelty to animals, it makes my blood boil. | ||
| 23 | BRING DOWN THE HOUSE | làm cho cả khán phòng vỗ tay nhiệt liệt |
| G-Dragon brought the house down. He really brought down the house with his fantastic song. | ||
| 24 | PAY THROUGH THE NOSE | to pay too much for something [trả giá quá đắt] |
| If you want a decent wine in a restaurant , you to have to pay through the nose for it. | ||
| 25 | BY THE SKIN OF ONES TEETH | sát sao, rất sát |
| I got through calculus math by the skin of my teeth. I got to the airport a few minutes late and missed the plane by the skin of my teeth. |
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| 26 | PULL SOMEONES LEG | chọc ai |
| You dont mean that. Youre just pulling my leg. | ||
| 27 | IT STRIKE SOMEBODY AS/THAT A STRANGE | lấy làm lạ |
| It strikes as a strange to me that he failed the exam because he is so smart and diligent a student. | ||
| 28 | TAKE IT AMISS | to understand as wrong or insulting, or misunderstand [hiểu lầm] |
| Would you take it amiss if I told you I thought you look lovely? I was afraid youd take it the wrong way. | ||
| 29 | HIGH AND LOW = HERE AND THERE | everywhere |
| I have been searching high and low for the gift I bought for my girlfriend. | ||
| 30 | THE MORE, THE MERRIER | càng đông càng vui |
| Can I bring some friends with me? Yeah sure, the more, the merrier. | ||
| 31 | SPICK AND SPAN | ngăn nắp gọn gàng |
| The apartment was spick and span. | ||
| 32 | EVERY NOW AND THEN | sometimes |
| Every now and then, I want to be alone. | ||
| 33 | PART AND PARCE | integral, crucial [ thiết yếu, quan trọng] |
| Beingrecognizedin thestreetis part andparcelof being acelebrity. | ||
| 34 | GO TO ONES HEAD | khiến ai kiêu ngạo |
| Too much success will go to her head. | ||
| 35 | ONCE IN A BLUE MOON | rất hiếm [rare] |
| Once in a blue moon, I stop thinking about her. If only she knew how much I loved her. | ||
| 36 | FEW AND FAR BETWEEN | rare [hiếm gặp] |
| Go and tell her that you love her! That kind of girl is really few and far between | ||
| 37 | ON THE SPOT | [1] immediately [ngay lập tức] [2] in trouble; in a difficult situation [gặp rắc rối] |
| [1] I expect you to be on the spot when and where trouble arises [2] I hate to be on the spot when its not my fault |
||
| 38 | ON THE VERGE OF = ON THE BRINK OF = IN THE EDGE OF | trên bờ vực [cẩn thận với giới từ on và in nhé!] |
| Unless we take measures to protect tigers, they will be on the verge of extinction. [lưu ý: take measures: đưa ra biện pháp] | ||
| 39 | IT NEVER RAINS BUT IT POURS | good or bad things do not just happen a few at a time, but in large numbers all at once [họa vô đơn chí] |
| Everyoneinmyhouseissickrightnowbecauseitneverrainsbutitpours. | ||
| 40 | BE ON THE WAGON | kiêng rượu |
| Bobs old drinking buddies complained that he was no fun when he went on the wagon. | ||
| 41 | LED SOMEBODY BY THE NOSE | to control someone and make them do exactly what you want them to do [nắm đầu, dắt mũi ai] |
| They simply didnt know what they were doing and they were led by the nose by a manipulative government. | ||
| 42 | AT THE ELEVENTH HOUR | vào phút chót |
| She always turned her term paper in at the eleventh hour. | ||
| 43 | SELL/GO LIKE HOT CAKES | bán đắt như tôn tươi |
| The book has only just been published andcopies are already selling like hot cakes in both Britain and America. | ||
| 44 | FIND FAULT WITH | chỉ trích, kiếm chuyện, bắt lỗi |
| It is very easy to find fault with the work others. | ||
| 45 | OFF AND ON/ ON AND OFF | không đều đặn, thỉnh thoảng |
| We dont often go there- just off and on. | ||
| 46 | MAKE BELIEVE | giả bộ, giả vờ |
| I tried to make believe she was happy, but knew deep down it was not true. | ||
| 47 | MAKE GOOD TIME | di chuyển nhanh, đi nhanh |
| We made good time and were at the hotel by lunch time. | ||
| 48 | LOOK DAGGERS AT SOMEONE | giận giữ nhìn ai đó |
| Their relationship is not free and easy but at least he is no longer looking daggers at her. | ||
| 49 | BE OUT OF THE QUESTION | không thể được |
| You cannot get married until you are 18, its out of the question. | ||
| 50 | ALL AT ONCE | suddenly: bất thình lình |
| All at once, there was a loud banging on the door. | ||
| 51 | BLOW ONES TRUMPET | bốc phét, khoác lác |
| Anyone will tell you shes one of the best journalist weve got, although shed never blow her trumpet. | ||
| 52 | SLEEP ON IT | suy nghĩ thêm về điều gì đó |
| You dont have to give me your decision now. Sleep on it, and let me know tomorrow. | ||
| 53 | FIGHT TOOTH AND CLAW/NAIL | đánh nhau dữ dội, cấu xé nhau |
| We fought tooth and claw to retain our share of business. | ||
| 54 | PLAY TRICKS/JOKES ON | chọc phá, trêu ghẹo, chơi khăm |
| The kids are always play jokes on their teachers. | ||
| 55 | DOWN THE DRAIN | đổ sông đổ biển [công sức, tiền bạc] |
| Its just money down the drain. | ||
| 56 | SMELL A RAT | hoài nghi, linh cảm chuyện không ổn |
| The minute I came in, I smelled a rat. | ||
| 57 | THE LAST STRAW | giọt nước tràn ly |
| When she showed up late a third time, that was the last straw. We had to fire her. | ||
| 58 | GET THE HAND OF SOMETHING | nắm bắt được, sử dụng được |
| After three weeks of using this computer, I think Ive finally got the hand of it. | ||
| 59 | HARD OF HEARING | lãng tai, nặng tai |
| Tom is hard of hearing. Therefore, we have to speak loudly so that he can hear us. | ||
| 60 | KEEP AN EYE ON | coi chừng, ngó chừng |
| Please keep an eye on my baby while Im out for a while. | ||
| 61 | HAVE A BEE IN ONES BONNET [ABOUT SOMETHING] | đặt nặng chuyện gì, chấp nhất chuyện gì |
| She has a bee in her bonnet about going to America. | ||
| 62 | GET/HAVE COLD FEET | mất hết can đảm, chùn bước |
| Im worried my members in this page may be getting cold feet about the university entrance exam. Therefore, I will try my best to help them overcome this severe exam. | ||
| 63 | ON SECOND THOUGHTS | suy nghĩ kĩ |
| On second thoughts, it was a dumb movie. | ||
| 64 | IN VAIN | uổng công, vô ích |
| Government agents tried in vain kidnap him. | ||
| 65 | CHIP IN | khuyên góp, góp tiền |
| If everyone chips in, we will be able to buy her a nice present. | ||
| 66 | OFF ONES HEAD | điên, loạn trí |
| The old man has been off his head for at least a year. | ||
| 67 | RUN AN ERRAND | làm việc vặt |
| Ive got to run an errand. Ill be back in a minute. | ||
| 68 | JUMP THE TRAFFIC LIGHTS | vượt đèn đỏ |
| They ignore people who jumps the traffic lights. | ||
| 69 | FLY OFF THE HANDLE | dễ nổi giận, phát cáu |
| No one will fly off the handle for no reason. | ||
| 70 | THE APPLE OF ONES EYES | đồ quý giá của ai |
| You are the apple of my eyes. | ||
| 71 | BUCKET DOWN | mưa xối xả, mưa to |
| Its been bucketing down all day. | ||
| 72 | CLOSE CALL = CLOSE SHAVE = NARROW ESCAPE | thoát chết trong gang tấc |
| Phew, that was a close shave. I was so lucky. | ||
| 73 | DROP A BRICK | lỡ lời, lỡ miệng |
| I dropped a brick when talking with my best friend, and now she doesnt want to talk to me. | ||
| 74 | GET BUTTERFLIES IN ONES STOMACH | cảm thấy bồn chồn |
| I always get butterflies in my stomach when it comes to taking test. | ||
| 75 | OFF THE RECORD | không chính thức, không được công bố |
| What the president said is not to be printed. Its off the record. | ||
| 76 | ONES CUP OF TEA | thứ mà ta thích |
| SNSD is my cup of tea. They are so beautiful and talented. Especially Seohyun, she looks so cute. | ||
| 77 | CUT IT FINE | đến sát giờ |
| Only allowing half an hour to get from the station to the airport is cutting it fine, isnt it? | ||
| 78 | GOLDEN HANDSHAKE | món tiền hậu hĩnh dành cho người sắp nghỉ việc |
| The manager got early retirement and a 600,000$ golden handshake when the company was restructed. | ||
| 79 | PUT ON AN ACT | giả bộ, làm bộ |
| Weve known you are a good swimmer stop putting on an act. | ||
| 80 | COME TO LIGHT | được biết đến, được phát hiện, được đưa ra ánh sáng |
| Four soldiers have faced charges since the scandal came to light last fall | ||
| 81 | TAKE THINGS TO PIECES | tháo ra từng mảnh |
| Men like to take things to pieces and put them together. | ||
| 82 | PUT ONES FOOT IN IT | gây nhầm lẫn, bối rối, phạm một sai lầm gây bối rối |
| I really put my foot in it when I asked her about her job. I didnt know shed just been fired. | ||
| 83 | PULL ONES WEIGHT | nỗ lực, làm tròn trách nhiệm |
| The rest of the team complained that Sarah wasnt pulling her weight. | ||
| 84 | MAKE ENDS MEET | xoay sở để kiếm sống |
| I have to work at two jobs to make ends meet. | ||
| 85 | GET THE HOLD OF THE WRONG END OF THE STICK | hiểu nhầm ai đó |
| I think I must explain to her that she got hold of the wrong end of the stick again. | ||
| 86 | CUT AND DRIED | cuối cùng, không thể thay đổi, rõ ràng, dễ hiểu |
| Although a deal has been agreed, it is not yet cut-and-dried. The human rights issue is by no means cut-and-dried. |
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| 87 | STAY/KEEP ON ONES TOE | cảnh giác, thận trọng |
| We had better keep on our toes while were walking along the dark portions of this street. | ||
| 88 | SEE EYE TO EYE | đồng tình |
| Im glad that they see eye to eye on the matter of the conference location. | ||
| 89 | HAVE IN MIND | đang suy tính, cân nhắc |
| I dont want to see a movie now, I have in mind going to the park. | ||
| 90 | A LOST CAUSE | hết hy vọng, không thay đổi được gì |
| It seems that Charles will give it up. I suppose he is a lost cause. | ||
| 91 | TO BE BOUND TO | chắc chắn |
| Youre bound to be late if you dont hurry. | ||
| 92 | AT HEART | thực chất, cơ bản [basically, fundamentally] |
| James sometimes seems quite unfriendly but at heart hes a good person. | ||
| 93 | TO KNOW BY SIGHT | nhận ra [recognize] |
| The woman said that she would know the thief by sight if she ever saw him again. | ||
| 94 | NOW AND THEN = NOW AND AGAIN = AT TIMES = FROM TIME TO TIME = OFF AND ON = ONCE IN A WHILE = EVERY SO OFTEN | sometimes [thỉnh thoảng, không thường xuyên] |
| I visit hernow and then. | ||
| 95 | TO TAKE PAINS | làm việc cẩn thận và tận tâm |
| She takes pains to do everything well. | ||
| 96 | TO MAKE DO | xoay sở, đương đầu [to manage, to cope] |
| During difficult economic times, many people have to make do with less. | ||
| 97 | SELL SOMEONE SHORT | đánh giá thấp |
| Don't sell yourself shortyou've got what it takes. | ||
| 98 | FACE THE MUSIC | chịu trận |
| Mary broke a dining-room window and had to face the music when her father got home. | ||
| 99 | LET THE CAT OUT OF THE BAG | to reveal a secret or a surprise by accident [để lộ bí mật] |
| Its asecret. Try not to let the cat out of the bag. | ||
| 100 | ON PROBATION | trong thời gian quản chế |
| While Anne was on probation, she reported to the police regularly. John was on probation for a year. |