Danh từ không đếm được dùng is hay are

1. Phân biệt danh từ đếm được và danh từ không đếm được

1.1 Một số danh từđếm được và danh từ không đếm được

Danh từ đếm được là danh từ có thể đếm được, hay nói cách khác làcó thể đặt trực tiếp các số đếm trước chúng.

Có hai hình thức: số ít (singular) và số nhiều (plural)

Ví dụ:

• I eat a banana every day.
• I like bananas.

banana là danh từ đếm được

Có thể dùng a/an với danh từ đếm được số ít

Ví dụ:

• a beach
• an umbrella

Không thể dùng danh từ đếm được số ít một mình mà không có a/an/the, my, .

Ví dụ:

• Theres been an accident. (Not : Theres been accident.

Có thể dùng danh từ đếm được số nhiều một mình với nghĩa chung chung

Ví dụ: Accidents can be prevented.

Có thể dùng 'some' và 'any' với danh từ đếm được số nhiều

Ví dụ:

• We sang some songs.
• Did you buy any apples?

Dùng many và few với danh từ đếm được số nhiều

Ví dụ:

• We didnt take many photographs.
• I have a few jobs to do.

Danh từ không đếm được là danh từ không thể đếm được có nghĩa là không thể đặt trực tiếp các số đếm trước chúng.

Ví dụ:

• I eat rice every day.
• I like rice.

rice là danh từ không đếm được

Không thể dùng a/ an với danh từ không đếm được. Mà chúng ta có thể dùng a.. of

Ví dụ:

• a piece of music ( Not a music)
• a bowl of rice (Not a rice)

Có thể dùng danh từ không đếm được một mình mà không cần the/my/some.

Ví dụ:

• Can you hear music?
• Theres blood on your shirt.

Có thể dùng 'some' và 'any' với danh từ không đếm được

Ví dụ:

• We listened to some music.
• Did you buy any apple juice?

Dùng much và little với danh từ không đếm được

Ví dụ:

• We didnt do much shopping.
• I have a little work to do.

1.2 Một số danh từ đặc biệt

1. I buy a paper to read.

(=a newspaper : một tờ báo)

2. Theres a hair in my soup.

(= one single hair : chỉ một cọng tóc)

3. You can stay with us. Theres a spare room.

(= a room in a house: một phòng trong nhà)

4. I had some interesting experiences while I was away.

(= things that happened to me : trải nghiệm)

5. A light was still burning in the bedroom.

(= A lamp : một bóng đèn)

1. I need some paper to write on.

(=material for writing on : vật liệu để viết)

2. Youve got very long hair. (not: hairs)

(= all the hair on your head: tất cả tóc của bạn)

3. You cant sit here. There isnt room.

(= space: chỗ)

4. They offered me a job because I had a lot of experience. (not experiences)

(= kinh nghiệm)

5. Light comes from the sun.

(=brightness : ánh sáng)

1.3Các loại thức uống thường là danh từ không đếm được

Ví dụ: I dont drink coffee.

Nhưng các loại thức uống là danh từ đếm được khi chúng mang nghĩa một tách/ một ly/ v..v..

Ví dụ: (in a restaurant) Two coffees and an orange juice, please.

(=Two cups of coffee and a glass of orange juice, please.)

Có một số danh từ luôn là danh từ không đếm được trong tiếng Anh nhưng trong ngôn ngữ khác có thể là danh từ đếm được:

• accommodation: chỗ ở
• damage: tổn hại
• permission: sự cho phép
• advice: lời khuyên
• furniture: đồ đạc
• progress: sự tiến bộ
• baggage: hành lý
• information: thông tin
• scenery: phong cảnh
• behavior: hành vi
• luck: sự may mắn
• traffic: giao thông
• bread: bánh mì
• luggage: hành lý
• weather: thời tiết
• chaos: sự hỗn loạn
• news: tin tức
• work: công việc

Ví dụ:

1. Im going to buy some bread. Or : Im going to buy a loaf of bread. ( not a bread)

2. Enjoy your holiday! I hope you have good weather. ( not a good weather)

3. Where are you going to put all your furniture? ( not furnitures)

4. The news was very dressing. (not The news were)

2. Một số bài tập vận dụng

EXECRISE 1: Some of these sentences need a/an. Correct the sentences which are wrong. If the sentence is already correct, put RIGHT

Example: a. I go everywhere by bike. I havent got car. a car
b. We havent got enough water. RIGHT

1. Can you smell paint?__________

2. I clean my teeth with toothpaste. __________

3. I wonder if you can help me. I have problem. __________

4. John has got interview for job tomorrow. __________

5. Do you take sugar in your tea? __________

6. I think volleyball is very good game. __________

7. We need petrol. I hope we come to petrol station soon. __________

8. Ann was listening to music when I arrived. __________

9. Can you tell me if theres bank near here? __________

10. I dont like violence. __________

EXECRISE 2: Complete the sentences using one of the following words. Sometimes the word needs to be plural (-s) . Use a/an if necessary.

• air
• country
• day
• friend
• letter
• patience
• people
• photograph
• queue
• space
• electricity

Example: I had my camera but didnt take many photographs.

1. There are seven ___________ in a week.

2. Outside the cinema there was ___________ of people waiting to see the film.

3. Im not very good at writing _____________.

4. Last night I went out with some ____________ of mine.

5. There were very few ___________ in the shops today. They were almost empty.

6. Im going out for a walk. I need some fresh _________.

7. George always wants things quickly. Hes got no _______________.

8. Our lives would be very difficult without ____________ .

9. Jane travels a lot. She has been to many _______________.

10. Our flat is very small. We havent got much ____________.

EXECRISE 3: Which of the underlined parts of these sentences is correct?

Example: Did you hear noise/ a noise just now? No, I didnt hear anything.
(a noise is correct )
1. Its very difficult to find a work / a job at the moment.

2. When the fire alarm rang, there was total chaos / a total chaos.

3. I was in hurry this morning. I didnt have time / a time for breakfast.

4. Your hair / Your hairs is too long. You should have it / them cut.

5. Bad news dont / doesnt make people happy.

6. I want to write some letters but I havent got a paper / any paper to write on.

7. Sue was very helpful. She gave us some useful advice / advices.

8. We were very unfortunate. We had bad luck / a bad luck.

9. Nobody was hurt in the accident but the damage / the damages to the car was quite bad.

10. I had to buy a bread / some bread because I wanted to make some sandwiches.

EXECRISE 4: Complete the sentences using these words. Sometimes you need the plural (-s).

• hair
• experience (2)
• chair
• furniture
• chair
• job
• luggage
• permission
• progress
• work

Example: I didnt have much luggage just two small bags.

1. Theyll tell you all you want to know. Theyll give you plenty of _____________.

2. There is room for everybody to sit down. There are plenty of ______________.

3. We have no ___________, not even a bed or a table.

4. What does Alan look like? Hes got a long beard and very short_________.

5. Carlas English is better than it was. Shes made ___________.

6. George is unemployed. Hes looking for a _____________.

7. There is a plenty of ____________ to be done in the garden.

8. I dont think Ann will get the job. She hasnt got enough __________.

9. If you want to leave work early, you have to ask for __________.

10. Rita has done many interesting things. She should write a book about her ___________.

ĐÁP ÁN

EXECRISE 1:

1. RIGHT

2. RIGHT

3. a problem

4. a job

5. RIGHT

6. a very good game

7. a petrol station

8. RIGHT

9. a bank

10. RIGHT

EXECRISE 2:

1. days

2. a queue

3. letter

4. friends

5. people

6. air

7. patience

8. electricity

9. countries

10. space

EXECRISE 3:

1. a job

2. total chaos

3. time

4. Your hair/ it

5. doesnt

6. any paper

7. advice

8. bad luck

9. the damage

10. some bread

EXECRISE 4:

1. information

2. chairs

3. furniture

4. hair

5. progress

6. job

7. work

8. experience

9. permission

10. experiences

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